The 5 A.M. Club, Chapter #10 Review

Hello everyone !
Welcome to Readers are the Leaders !
Today i am going to share 10 Chapter review of the book , The 5 A.M. Club !


Chapter #10
The 4 Focuses of History - Makers 

“The life given us, by nature is short, but the memory of a well – spent life is eternal.” (Cicero)

Most of us alive today wish we had more time. Yet we waste the time we have. Thinking about dying what brings what matters most into much sharper focus. You’ll stop allowing digital distraction, cyber diversions and online nuisance to steal the irreplaceable hours of the blessing called your life. You never get your days back.
Be grateful for every moment. Don’t be timid when it comes to your ambitions. Stop wasting time on insanely trivial things. And make it a priority to reclaim the creativity, fire and potential that is dormant within you. It is so important to do so.

THE FOUR FOCUS OF HISTORY – Makers:

1; Capitalization IQ
2; Freedom from Distraction
3; Personal Mastery Practice
4; Day Stacking

History – Makers Focus #1 Capitalization:

The concept of capitalization developed by eminent psychologist James Flynn. The valuable insight he conceived is that what makes a legendary performer so good is not the amount of natural talent they are born into but the extent of that potential they actualize and capitalize. “Many of the finest athletes in the world, had less innate skill than their competition. But it was their exceptional dedication, commitment and drive to maximize whatever strengths they had that make them iconic.
“Most people take the limits of their vision to be the limits of the world. A few do not join them.”

 History – Makers Focus #2 Freedom from Distraction:

“An addiction to distraction is the death of your creative production.”
“Filling valuable hours with meaningless moves is the drug of choice for most people.”
“Stop managing your time and start managing your focus.”
“The great ones all spent a lot of time alone.”
“Your escalation requires your isolation.”
“Only one who devotes himself to a cause with his whole strength and soul can be a true master. For this reason, mastery demands all of a person.”
History – Makers Focus #3: Personal Mastery Practice:
Your creativity, productivity, prosperity, performance and impact on the planet are always a sublime expression of what’s going on inside of you.
Your influence in the world mirrors the glory, nobility, vitality, and luminosity you’ve accessed in yourself.

The 4 interior empires;

E 1, MINDSET (PSYCHOLOGY), Mindset is all about your psychology
E 2, HEART SET (EMOTIONALLY), Heart set is all about your emotionally
E 3, HEALTH SET (PHYSICALITY), Health set relates to your physiology
E 4, SOUL SET (SPIRITUALITY), Soul set refers to your spirituality.
That’s it. Nothing mystical, really. Nothing religious. Nothing voodoo or Freaky.
Your past is a place to be learned from, not home to be lived in.

History – Maker Focus #4: Day Stacking:

Remember that each of your prized days represents your precious life in miniature, “As you live each day, so you craft your life. We all are so focused on pursuing our future that we generally ignore the exceedingly important value of a single day. And yet what we are doing today is creating our future.
Elite producers and everyday heroes understand that what you do each day matters far more than what you do once in while. Consistency really is a key ingredient of mastery. And regularity is a necessity if you’re amped to make history.

Hope you all enjoy the reading of our blog , after the readings our reviews , give us feedback through our mail id zain8110700@gmail.com or through the comment section . Your comments and feedback are energy for us . 

Tank you ! 

  • Own your morning , Elevate your life . 😊

Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1boo




The 5 A.M. Club, Chapter #9 Review

Hello everyone !
Welcome to Readers are the Leaders !
Today i am going to share 9 Chapter review of the book , The 5 A.M. Club !




Chapter #9
A Framework for the Expression of Greatness
 

·         “The man who are great live with that which is substantial, they do not stay with that which is superficial; they abide with realities, they remain not with what is showy. The one they discard, the other they hold.” (Loo Tzu)

The 3 step success Formula:

GRANULARITY !
Step 01; LEARNING + BETTER AWARENESS + GROWING

Step 02; IMPLEMENTATION + BETTER CHOICES + EXECUTION

Step 03; INCOME + BETTER RESULTS + IMPACT
Superficiality !

The beginning of transformation is the increase of perception. As you see more you can materialize more. And once you know better you can achieve bigger.

The great women and men of the world the ones who responsible for the magical symphonies, the beautiful movements, the advancements of science and the progress of technology started by reengineering their thinking and reinventing their awareness. In so doing, they entered a secret universe them to make the daily choices few choose to make. Which, automatically, delivered the daily results few get to experience.

George Orwell said that, “And whenever you are creating beauty around you, you are restoring your own soul.”

“Gamble everything for love, If you are a true human being. If not, leave this gathering. Half – heartedness does not reach into the majesty.”  (RUMI)

How installing The 5 A.M. method into your morning routine will upgrade your productivity, you’ll rise from the community of superficiality that currently dominates the Earth up into the society of granularity. This heightened level of insight and consciousness will then optimize your daily decisions. And logically, once you get your daily choices right, you’ll accelerate your leadership, accomplishments and impact dramatically. Because it’s your decisions that make your results.
Remember that great companies and wonderful lives do not happen by sudden revolution. Nope. They materialize via incremental evolution. Tony daily wins and iterations stack into outcomes of excellence, over the long game. As a result , not many of us ever become legends.


Hope you all enjoy the reading of our blog , after the readings our reviews , give us feedback through our mail id zain8110700@gmail.com or through the comment section . Your comments and feedback are energy for us . 

Tank you ! 

  • Own your morning , Elevate your life . 😊

Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1boo

The 5 A.M. Club, Chapter #8 Review


Hello everyone !
Welcome to Readers are the Leaders !
Today i am going to share 8 Chapter review of the book , The 5 A.M. Club !


Chapter #8
The 5 AM Method: The Morning Routine of world – Builders
 

·         It is well to be up before daybreak, for such habits contribute to health, wealth and wisdom.” (Aristotle)


If you do not rise early you can make progress in nothing. Yes, definitely, if you are not a active in waking up early in the morning. Then you miss the reward of the da. The early morning routine can change you totally. Your dull life can change to in active life. Early – rising discipline helped, to turn the impossible things into possible.

By getting up at before daybreak, while almost everyone around you is asleep – your creativity also soared, your energy definitely doubled, your productivity surely tripled.
Rising at 5 A.M. every morning was the main personal practice that made most of that happen. Allowed you to become a visionary thinker. Gave you a reflective space to develop a formidable inner life. The discipline helped you to become ultra – fit, with all the beautiful income advancements as well as lifestyle enhancements that come with superior health. Early rising also made you a pretty amazing leader. And it helped you grow yourself into a much better person.

Rising at 5 A.M. truly is The Mother of All Routines. Joining The 5 A.M. club is the one behavior that raises every other human behavior. The way you begin your day really does determine the extent of focus, energy, excitement, and excellence you bring to it. Each early morning is a page in the story that becomes your legacy. Each new dawn is a fresh chance to unleash your brilliance, unprison your potency and play in the big leagues of iconic results. You have such power within you and it reveals itself most with the first rays of daybreak.

Hope you all enjoy the reading of our blog , after the readings our reviews , give us feedback through our mail id zain8110700@gmail.com or through the comment section . Your comments and feedback are energy for us . 

Tank you ! 

  • Own your morning , Elevate your life . 😊
Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1boo



The 5 A.M. club, Chapter #7 Review


Hello everyone !
Welcome to Readers are the Leaders !
Today i am going to share 7 Chapter review of the book , The 5 A.M. Club ! 




Chapter #7
Preparation for a Transformation Begins in Paradise


·         A child has no trouble believing the unbelievable, nor does the genius or the madman. It’s only you and I, with our big brains and our tiny hearts, who doubt and overthink and hesitate.” (Steven Pressfield)

When we want to do something, we did not need to think much about that thing. We did not need to hesitate about that work. Just believe in yourself and cross that bridge.

Our culture tells us to pursue titles and trinkets, applause and acclaim, money and mansions. All that’s fine it truly is so long as you don’t get brainwashed into defining your worth as a human being by these things. Enjoy them, just don’t get attached to them. Have them, just don’t base your identity around them. Appreciate them, just don’t need them. These are only forms of fake power our civilization programs us to believe we must pursue to be successful and serene.

Real power never comes from anything external. Great power is unleashed with a simple start.

The old you must die before the best you can be born.

The Philosopher Rumi made the point much more brilliantly, “Give up the drop, become the ocean.”

When we are young we sacrifice our health for wealth and when we grow old and wise we realize what’s most important and become willing to sacrifice all our wealth for even one day of good health.

You never want to be the richest person in the graveyard.

Hope you all enjoy the reading of our blog , after the readings our reviews , give us feedback through our mail id zain8110700@gmail.com or through the comment section . Your comments and feedback are energy for us . 

Tank you ! 

  • Own your morning , Elevate your life . 😊
Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1boo


The 5 A.M. club , Chapter #6 review

Hello everyone !
Welcome to Readers are the Leaders !
Today i am going to share 6 Chapter review of the book , The 5 A.M. Club !


Chapter #6
A Flight to Peak Productivity, Virtuosity and Undefeatable
 

·         “Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t be trapped by dogma, which is living with the results of other people’s thinking. Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. (Steve Jobs)

In this chapter we’ll learn some rules which shall help us, How can we work for our dreams? 

Rule #1:

An addiction to distraction is the end of your creative production. Empire – makes and history – creators take one hour for themselves before dawn, in the serenity that lies beyond the clutches of complexity, to prepare themselves for a world – class day =.

Rule #2:

Excuses breed no genius. Just because you have not installed the early – rising habit before does not mean you can’t do it now. Release your rationalization and remember that small daily improvements, when done consistently over time, lead to stunning results.

Rule #3:

All change is hard at first, messy in the middle and gorgeous at the end.
Everything you now find easy you first found difficult. With consistent practice, getting up with the sun will become your new normal. And automatic.

Rule #4:

To have the results the top 5% of products have, you must start doing what 95% of people are unwilling to do. As you start to live like this, the majority will call you crazy. Remember that being labeled a freak is the price of greatness.

Rule #5:

When you feel like surrendering, continue. Triumph loves the relentless.

Hope you all enjoy the reading of our blog , after the readings our reviews , give us feedback through our mail id zain8110700@gmail.com or through the comment section . Your comments and feedback are energy for us . 
Tank you ! 
  • Own your morning , Elevate your life . 😊
Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1boo

The 5 A.M. club Chapter #5 Review

Hello everyone !
Welcome to Readers are the Leaders !
Today i am going to share 5 Chapter review of the book , The 5 A.M. Club !





Chapter #5

A Bizarre Adventure into Morning Mastery

  •     “Everyone holds his fortune in his own hands, like a sculptor the raw material he will fashion into a figure … The skill to mold the material into what we want must be learned and attentively cultivated.” ( Johann Wolfgang von Goethe )



Exactly  leaders are those who have power to turn impossible into possible. Always believe in yourself. Don’t rely on others, then you have power to turn, “I can’t into I cans”.

And do the rest only, when you have done your goal. Because “Done is better than perfect”
Nothing works for those who don’t do the work. Less talk and more do.

Tolstoy once noted that, “Only people who are capable of loving strongly can suffer great sorrow.”

After the Tolstoy line, I wants to write here the line of M. ALI (The Boxer) “I hated every minute of training but i said... Don't quit. Suffer now and live the best of your life as a champion."

Everybody can be great because anybody can serve. You don’t have to have a college degree to serve. You don’t have to make your subject and verb agree to serve. You don’t have to know about Plato and Aristotle to serve. You don’t have to know Einstein’s Theory of Relativity to serve. You don’t have to know the second theory of Thermodynamics and Physics to serve. You only need a heart full of grace. A soul generated by love.

All that matters on your last day on Earth is the potential you’ve leveraged, the heroism you’ve demonstrated and the human lives you’ve graced.


Hope you all enjoy the reading of our blog , after the readings our reviews , give us feedback through our mail id zain8110700@gmail.com or through the comment section . Your comments and feedback are energy for us . 

Tank you ! 
  • Own your morning , Elevate your life . 😊
Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1boo

The 5 A.M. club , Chapter #4 Review

Hello everyone !
Welcome to Readers are the Leaders !
Today i am going to share 4 Chapter review of the book , The 5 A.M. Club !

Chapter # 4 

Letting go of Mediocrity and All that's ordinary 

  • Ones who sweats more in training bleeds less in war. 
  • High victory is made in those early morning hours when no one's watching and while everyone else is sleeping .
Actually the biggest fact of the humans is , We only hear what we are ready to hear.
" All learning meet us exactly where we're at . And as we grow greater , we understand better."

Wage a war against weakness and launch a campaign against fearfulness . You truly can get up early. And doing so is a necessity in your awesome pursuit toward legendary. 
Take excellent care of the front end of your day, and the rest of your day will pretty much take care of itself . Own your morning and elevate your life . 

Remember , every professional was once an amateur, and every master started as a beginner. Ordinary people can accomplish extraordinary feats, once they've routinized the right habits.

The poet Thomas Campbell said it beautifully when he observed , "To live in hearts we leave behind is not the die."

Tolstoy wrote , everyone thinks of changing the world but no one thinks of Changing himself .

Norman Cousins said : The tragedy of life is not death but what we let die inside of us while we live.

This is the true joy in life , the being used for a purpose recognized by yourself as a mighty one;
the being a force of nature instead of a feverish little clod of ailments and grievances complaining that the world will not devote itself to make you happy. 
I am of the opinion that my life belongs to the whole community and as long as i live it is my privilege to do for it whatever i can . 
I work the more i live. I rejoice in life for its own sake . Life is no brief candle for me. 
It is a sort of splendid torch which i have got hold of for the moment , and i want to make it burn as brightly as possible before handing it on to future generations 😊.



Hope you all enjoy the reading of our blog , after the readings our reviews , give us feedback through our mail id zain8110700@gmail.com or through the comment section . Your comments and feedback are energy for us . 
Tank you ! 
  • Own your morning , Elevate your life . 😊
Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1boo

The 5 A.M Club Chapter 3 Review

Hello everyone !
Welcome to Readers are the Leaders !
Today i am going to publish the 3rd chapter review of The 5 A.M. club , Book !
stay tuned with us and enjoy the reading !


Chapter #3 

An Unexpected Encounter with a Surprising Stranger 


  • "Do not live as if you have ten thousand years left. Your fate hangs over you. While you are still living , while you still exist on this earth , strive to become a genuinely great person." ( Marcus Aurelius , Roman emperor)

Yes , live your every moment with full strength and glory . Because no body knows, which one moment , shall become the last moment of your life . 
Rising at 5 A. M. truly is the mother of all routines. The way you begin your day really does determine the extent of focus , energy , excitement and excellence you bring it . Each early morning is a page in the story that becomes your legacy . Each new dawn is a fresh chance to unleash your brilliance, unprison, your potency and play in the big leagues of iconic results . 
Live in your present , please do not allow past pains and present frustrations to diminish your glory , stifle your invincibility , and choke the unlimited possibilitarian that lurks within, the supreme part of you.In a world that seeks to keep you down , build yourself up.In an epoch that wishes you would stay in the dark , step into your light . At a time that mesmerizes you to your gifts , reclaim your genius . Our world requires this each of us .
Someone said " Rich people are Fakes" . So don't try to become the rich by wealth , try to become rich by heart, and rule over the hearts of the humans . Yes strive to become a genuinely great person .

  • The brilliant investor, said the rich invest in time. The poor invest in money ( Warren Buffet) 
That was all which i read an learn from this book's chapter , and shared with you . 
Hope you all enjoy the readings of our blog , after the readings our reviews , give us feedback through our mail id zain8110700@gmail.com or through the comment section . Your comments and feedback are energy for us . 
Tank you ! 
  • Own your morning , Elevate your life . 😊

Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1

The 5 A.M. Club Chapter 2 Review




Hello Everyone,  Welcome to readers are the leaders , today i am going to start the chapter vise review of the Robin Sharma's book The 5 A.M. club, in this book we"ll learn lot of things about changing your self. Through this distinguished book , you"ll learn , how to start your day , how to feeling calm , focused and live positive all the day .
So let's start the review of this self changing book. We"ll start the review of this book , from Chapter 2 . Because chapter 1 is just a introductory chapter . So we need to skip that chapter .

Chapter #2  A daily Philosophy on becoming Legendary 


"Do not allow your life to go out, Spark by irreplaceable spark in the hopeless swamp of the not - quite , the not - yet , and the not at all . Do not let the hero in your soul perish in lonely frustration for the life you deserved and have never been able to reach . The world you desire can be won . It exists. It is possible . It is real . It is yours. (Ayn Rand)

Yes you can , in the above lines , you can get everything which you want , but we need to take one step . If we just sit and thought  about the success , sit and thought about the lavish life , which the other persons are living . But we did not get anything .
 The question is why ?
Why we are not able to live the lavish and comfortable life , which other peoples are living ! Why we did not live happy ? 
Because we don't have right directions , we don't know what we are doing , what we need to do ? In this book the Author tells us that , Everyone can live a distinguished life , if we have a right directions of life. Nothing is impossible in this world , Everything is possible, but we need to take a step to get the success . We need to wake up early , we need to evaluate the things first . We need to manage the goals of the day . First we should not let the today work for tomorrow , because , " Don't put of till tomorrow what you can today." 
I know everyone had some difficult time in their lives. W all have . 
You did not plan on each day looking the same , did you ? 
Living the same week a few thousand times and calling it a life. 
The power of now , is a very powerful thing . 
I need to tell you that too many among us die at thirty and are buried at eighty . 
If you people wants to live for 100 of years , you people need to do a work ,and will wake up early in the morning .
World Class begins where your comfort zone end is a rule the successful , the influential and the happiest always remember. 

In the nutshell , You people need to do this thing " Own your morning and elevate your life.

Stay tuned with us ,  drop a comment in comment box and aware us from your thoughts . We are reading , because your comments are energy for us .
Subscribe our blog and share with your friends , you"ll find lot of things about readings and for self motivation.
Thank you for Reading !

Review by : zainabbas6.blogspot.comFollow us on Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/beyond_the_degrees/Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1

A Tale of gods and men

A tale of gods and men


The Iliad is a sophisticated piece of storytelling. It relates the tale of the war in Ilium (Troy) from the perspective of one character in particular—Achilles. Parts of the story of the war are told in flashback, or in prophecies of the future. Woven into this plot
are subplots and insights into the lives of the protagonists.
How much of this complexity can be credited to Homer, and how much is a result of refinement
and embroidering over previous generations, is impossible to tell. The result is a work that combines history, legend, and mythology, while offering the essential ingredients of good storytelling— adventure and human drama— that make it a compelling read.
The Iliad is massive, both in
its length and its narrative scope (it is, after all, where we get the idea of things being on an “epic” scale), consisting of over 15,000 lines of verse, divided into 24 books. Rather than simply telling the tale chronologically, Homer grabs the reader’s attention by using a device common to many epics. This is to drop the reader straight into the thick of the action,
or in media res (“the middle of the thing”) as described by the Roman poet, Horace. Homer’s account starts in the final year of the conflict, which has already been ❯❯raging for nine years. Homer digresses to explain some of the background to the events he is describing, but he assumes much prior knowledge about the causes of the conflict, which contemporary readers would have known well.

zainabbas6.blogspot.comFollow us on Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/beyond_the_degrees/Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1

The Trojan War

The Trojan War



In ancient Greece many epic tales were told about the Trojan War— a conflict between the Achaeans
an alliance of the Greek states) and the city of Troy. The first and most famous of these accounts were the Iliad and Odyssey, both attributed to a single author, known as Homer. Historians concede that these epics were inspired by actual events— sporadic wars between Greece and Troy did occur some five centuries before the works were written— but their characters and plots are works of the imagination. However, the Greeks of Homer’s era would have believed these stories to be true accounts of the heroism of their ancestors.
The Greeks began to write down their epics around the 8th century bce. Like the spoken tales on which they were based, they took the form of narrative poems. These Greek epics have a regular meter—each line is comprised of six basic rhythmic units, and each of these units contains one long and two short syllables. This meter is known as dactylic hexameter,
or more commonly, “epic meter.” Variations on this basic rhythmic pattern give the flexibility needed for poetic composition.

zainabbas6.blogspot.comFollow us on Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/beyond_the_degrees/Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1

Epic Poem

Epic Poem




Epics are narrative poems that recount the story of
a hero who represents a particular culture. They chronicle his quests and ordeals, and account for the hero’s choices and motives, so helping to establish and codify the moral principles of a society.
Epics were among the earliest forms of literature in many cultures around the world. These popular stories were initially told orally, and over time were embellished, reinterpreted, formalized, and finally written down, often laying the foundation’s of a culture’s literary history. Epics usually contained many characters and genealogies, and were long and complex in structure. They were probably learned by rote in a repetitive poetic meter, or recited to a musical accompaniment, since it is far easier to memorize verse than prose. Indeed, the word “epic” itself is derived from the ancient Greek word epos, meaning both “story” and “poem.”
zainabbas6.blogspot.com
Follow us on Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/beyond_the_degrees/
Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1

From Europe to Asia

From Europe to Asia



In northern Europe oral storytelling prevailed, and the tales of these cultures were not written down until around the 8th century. The earliest known complete Anglo- Saxon epic, Beowulf, relates history and mythology preserved by the Scandinavian ancestors of the English. The later Icelandic sagas also drew from the Norse legends. Meanwhile, in mainland Europe the nobility were entertained by
professional poets. Some poets took their subject matter from the mythology of ancient Greece and Rome, while the troubadours of southern France chose stirring stories of Charlemagne and his men in battle with the Islamic Moors and Saracens. The trouvères of northern France, in contrast, recited lyrical and passionate tales of chivalry and courtly love about the reign of the legendary King Arthur of Britain.
Farther east, during the “Golden Age” of Islamic culture in the late medieval period when scholarship was held in high esteem, epic narrative tales such as those in
the One Thousand and One Nights were valued for their capacity to entertain, although poetry was considered to be the highest form of literature. In ancient China, too,
heroic legends were considered more a form of folklore than literature, and the first written texts to be accorded the status of classics were those that preserved the history, customs, and philosophy of the culture. Along with these factual texts, however, was a collection of odes that provided a model for Chinese poetry for centuries, reaching its high point under the emperors of the Tang dynasty.
In the 11th century, Japan, which had been dominated by Chinese culture, produced its own distinctive literature in the Japanese language. Fictional prose accounts of life in the Heian court developed from the ancient chronicles of the ruling dynasties, anticipating the emergence of the novel in Europe.

zainabbas6.blogspot.comFollow us on Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/beyond_the_degrees/Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1

Greek Drama

Greek drama


Another product of the tradition
of storytelling in ancient Greece was drama, which developed from recounting a narrative to acting out the part of a character and thereby bringing the tale to life. Gradually,this dramatic storytelling became more sophisticated, and by the time Athens was established as a democratic nation-state, the theater was an integral part of its culture, with dramatists such as Aeschylus, Euripides, and Sophocles producing tragedies and comedies which attracted audiences of thousands.

zainabbas6.blogspot.com
Follow us on Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/beyond_the_degrees/
Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1

Tales of gods and men

Tales of gods and men




The first known epics, which include the various versions of The Epic of Gilgamesh, and the great Sanskrit epics Mahabharata and Ramayana, often tell of the origin of a civilization, or a defining moment in its early history. Seen through the exploits of a heroic individual
or a ruling family, these epics also explained the involvement of the gods, often contrasting their powers with the frailties of human heroes. This was a theme that also appeared in the later epics ascribed to Homer. His heroes Achilles and Odysseus are depicted not only
as noble warriors in the Trojan War that established ancient Greece
as a great power, but also as very human characters confronting both fate and their own weaknesses. Later, as Greek influence declined, Roman poets developed their own Latin version of the form, even borrowing the story of the Trojan War, as Virgil did in the Aeneid,
to produce an epic of the beginning of Rome. The scale and depth of Homer’s epics, and their poetic structure, provided the foundation on which Western literature is built.

zainabbas6.blogspot.comFollow us on Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/beyond_the_degrees/Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1

The Global Explosion

The global explosion



After two brutal global wars,
the world was ready for change, and literature was central to the counterculture in the West of the 1950s and ’60s. Postmodernist writers and theorists focused on the artifice of writing, demanding more of the reader than simply engaging with a realist narrative. Novels now had fractured or nonlinear time spans, unreliable narrators, episodes of magical realism, and multiple-choice endings. During this period, the West, and in particular writing
in English, also loosened its grip on world culture. Postcolonial writing emerged in countries such as Nigeria, South Africa, and India, and authors such as Gabriel García Márquez helped raise the status of a group of South American writers of extraordinary creativity.
Modern literature now sings with the previously unheard voices of feminists, civil rights campaigners,
gay people, black and Native Americans, and immigrants.
There is a healthy meritocratic blurring of distinction between classic and popular fiction.
Global publishing, independent and internet publishing, global literature courses, national and international book prizes, and
the growing number of works published in translation are bringing Australian, Canadian, South African, Indian, Caribbean, and modern Chinese novels, among others, to a world audience. This vast library of global literature has become both a reminder of shared connections worldwide and a celebration of difference. ■
"Reading is the sole means by which we slip, involuntarily, often helplessly, into another’s skin, another’s voice, another’s soul" (Joyce Carol Oates)

zainabbas6.blogspot.comFollow us on Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/beyond_the_degrees/Follow us o Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1

The rise of the novel

The rise of the novel



Drama and poetry continued to evolve as the novel rose inexorably in importance, and by the end
A word after a word after a word is power. Margaret Atwood of the 18th century the novel had become a major form of literary expression.
Just as artists are described
in terms of movements such as Baroque and Rococo, so literary history is defined by authors united by a particular style, technique, or location. The Romantic movement, characterized by stories driven by the emotions of idiosyncratic heroes, rather than plot and action, had its roots in the German Sturm und Drang movement. Meanwhile,
in England, the Romantic poets testified to the power of nature to heal the human soul, and similar themes were taken up by the
New England Transcendentalists. The word “genre” was increasingly applied to fiction’s subsets—for example, novels in the gothic genre. In the 19th century, Romanticism was superseded by a new form of social realism, played out in the drawing rooms of Jane Austen’s English middle and upper classes, and Gustave Flaubert’s provincial French towns, but used increasingly to depict the harsh lives of the poor. Fyodor Dostoyevsky described his novel Crime and Punishment as “fantasy realism,” and the dark interior monologues of the murderer Raskolnikov have the elements of a psychological thriller. Over the years fiction has  diversified into multiple genres and subgenres, which today include everything from dystopian novels to fictional autobiography and Holocaust writing.
Alongside the growth of the novel, the vocabulary of literature expanded to describe styles of writing: for example, “epistolary” novels were written in the form of letters; and “Bildungsroman” and “picaresque” denoted coming-of-age tales. The language used within literature was developing too, and novels in the vernacular voice broadened the scope of national literature with writers such as Harriet Beecher Stowe and Mark Twain capturing the diversity of
the people of the US.
In the early 20th century, Western society was revolutionized by industrial and technological advances, new artistic movements, and scientific developments. Within two decades, a generation of young men had been wasted in World
War I. A perfect storm of literary experimentation followed, as Modernist writers searched for inventive stylistic features such
as stream-of-consciousness writing, and wrote fragmented narratives representing the anguish and alienation of their changing world. After a brief period of literary
optimism and experimentation, the world was again thrown into turmoil as World War II began, and the production of literature slowed as many writers became involved in the war effort, and produced propaganda or reported from the front rather than writing literature.

zainabbas6.blogspot.comFollow us on Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/beyond_the_degrees/Follow us on Twitter : https://twitter.com/zain_abbas_1